Gum Disease: Early Signs, Stages, and Treatment Options
Bleeding gums aren’t normal. Learn gingivitis vs periodontitis and the treatment options that stop progression.
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Bleeding gums aren’t normal. Learn gingivitis vs periodontitis and the treatment options that stop progression.
Early warning signs
- Bleeding when brushing or flossing
- Bad breath that returns quickly
- Gums pulling away (recession)
- Teeth feel longer or spaces increasing
Gingivitis vs periodontitis
| Stage | Common signs | Typical treatment |
|---|---|---|
| Gingivitis | Bleeding gums, bad breath, puffy gums | Cleaning + improved home care |
| Early periodontitis | Bleeding + mild bone changes | Deep cleaning (scaling/root planing) |
| Advanced periodontitis | Loose teeth, recession, deep pockets | Maintenance + possible specialist care |
What deep cleaning means
Scaling and root planing removes tartar below the gumline and smooths root surfaces so gums can heal. Some cases need numbing for comfort.
Home care that makes the biggest difference
- Brush along the gumline for 2 minutes (soft brush).
- Floss daily or use interdental brushes if spaces are larger.
- Use an antimicrobial rinse if recommended.
- Don’t smoke—smoking hides bleeding and slows healing.
FAQ
Is bleeding always gum disease?
Bleeding can happen with aggressive brushing, but persistent bleeding needs an exam.
Can gum disease be reversed?
Gingivitis often can. Bone loss from periodontitis can’t be fully reversed, but it can be stabilized.
How often will I need cleanings?
Some patients need 3–4 month maintenance visits.
Medical note: This article is general information and not a diagnosis. For urgent symptoms, contact a dentist or emergency services.
